PENGUATAN TATA KELOLA DAN KOORDINASI KEAMANAN SIBER DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETAHANAN SIBER NASIONAL
Bilah Samping Artikel
Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Perkembangan transformasi digital di Indonesia telah meningkatkan pemanfaatan sistem elektronik dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, pelayanan publik, serta berbagai aktivitas masyarakat. Di sisi lain, kondisi tersebut turut meningkatkan risiko ancaman siber yang berpotensi mengganggu keberlangsungan layanan publik, keamanan data, dan stabilitas sistem digital nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis permasalahan tata kelola keamanan siber nasional serta merumuskan alternatif kebijakan untuk memperkuat koordinasi antarkementerian dan lembaga dalam menghadapi ancaman siber di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain analisis kebijakan melalui studi dokumentasi terhadap laporan resmi pemerintah, dokumen kebijakan, peraturan perundang-undangan, serta publikasi ilmiah yang relevan. Analisis dilakukan melalui penentuan prioritas permasalahan dengan metode Urgency, Seriousness, dan Growth (USG), identifikasi akar penyebab dengan Fishbone Diagram, serta evaluasi alternatif kebijakan menggunakan Tapisan McNamara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterbatasan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, lemahnya koordinasi antarkementerian dan lembaga, serta belum optimalnya mekanisme pertukaran informasi merupakan faktor utama yang menghambat efektivitas tata kelola keamanan siber nasional. Alternatif kebijakan yang memperoleh prioritas tertinggi adalah penyusunan kebijakan koordinasi keamanan siber nasional oleh Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Politik dan Keamanan sebagai dasar penguatan tata kelola. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penyusunan kebijakan terpadu yang memperjelas pembagian kewenangan, memperkuat mekanisme koordinasi, meningkatkan kapasitas sumber daya manusia, serta mengembangkan sistem pertukaran informasi ancaman siber untuk mendukung ketahanan siber nasional dan keberlanjutan transformasi digital di Indonesia.
Rincian Artikel
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Referensi
Abrahams, T., Ewuga, S., Kaggwa, S., Uwaoma, P., Hassan, A., & Dawodu, S. (2024). Mastering compliance: A comprehensive review of regulatory frameworks in accounting and cybersecurity. Computer Science & IT Research Journal, 5(1), 120–140. https://doi.org/10.51594/csitrj.v5i1.709
Adma, A., Surbakti, Y. M., & Sari, P. (2023). Transformasi sistem pertahanan siber Indonesia dengan BSSN sebagai poros dan motor penggerak menuju angkatan siber mandiri di masa depan. Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional, 6(1), Article 7. https://doi.org/10.7454/jkskn.v6i1.10077
Alfi, M., Yundari, N. P., & Tsaqif, A. (2023). Analisis risiko keamanan siber dalam transformasi digital pelayanan publik di Indonesia. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 6(2), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.7454/jkskn.v6i2.10082
Aji, M. P. (2022). Sistem keamanan siber dan kedaulatan data di Indonesia dalam perspektif ekonomi politik (Studi kasus perlindungan data pribadi). Jurnal Politica: Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia. https://survei.apjii.or.id/home
Athaillah, C. D., Tupen, D., Sari, A. J., Adzzahra, F. C., & Indrawan, J. (2026). Tantangan cyber defense dalam menghadapi serangan siber terhadap infrastruktur pemerintah di Indonesia. Governance: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal Dan Pembangunan, 13(2), 74-79. https://doi.org/10.56015/gjikplp.v13i2.653
Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri Dan Hubungan Internasional, 13(2), 222–238. https://doi.org/10.22212/jp.v13i2.3299
Alfath, T. P., & Cahya, W. (2024). Bridging the gap between policy and practice: Evaluating Indonesia’s cybersecurity regulatory framework (2020–2023). Data Journal of Information Systems and Management, 2(1), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.61978/data.v2i1.695
Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum032
qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ090202
Christensen, T., & Lægreid, P. (2007). The whole-of-government approach to public sector reform. Public Administration Review, 67(6), 1059–1066. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00797.x
Craigen, D., Diakun-Thibault, N., & Purse, R. (2014). Defining cybersecurity. Technology Innovation Management Review, 4(10), 13–21.https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/835
Anwar, M., Karolita, D., Areni, I. S., Wardhani, Dunn, W. N. (2018). Public policy analysis: An T. P. M., Syafar, F., & Syamsuddin, I. integrated approach (6th ed.).
Routledge. (2025). Cyber capacity buildingin
Emerson, K., & Nabatchi,T. (2015). Indonesia: A study of cyber security awareness in rural community. In G. Oliver,
V. Frings-Hessami, J. T. Du, & T. Tezuka (Eds.), Sustainability and empowerment in the context of digital libraries (Vol. 15494, pp. 250–259) Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-0868-3_21
Anwary, I. (2022). The role of public administration in combating cybercrime: An analysis of the legal framework in Indonesia. International Journal of Cyber Criminology, 16(2), 216–227. https://cybercrimejournal.com/menuscript/i ndex.php/cybercrimejournal/article/view/13 5
APJII. (2026). Survei internet APJII 2026.Collaborative governance regimes. Georgetown University Press.
Herera, D. A., & Sebyar, M. H. (2023). Perlindungan hukum terhadap serangan siber: Tinjauan atas kebijakan dan regulasi terbaru. Causa: Jurnal Hukum Dan Kewarganegaraan, 1(5). https://doi.org/10.3783/causa.v1i1.571
Ikhssani, A., Mudra, C., & Prasidya, F. G. (2024). Cybersecurity dan tata kelola intelijen. Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional, 7(1), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.7454/jkskn.v7i1.10086
Intan, A. A., & Intan, R. (2023). Case study: A review of cybersecurity policies and challenges in Indonesia. In P. Vasant, M. S.
Arefin, V. Panchenko, J. J. Thomas, E. Munapo, G. W. Weber, & R. Rodriguez-Aguilar (Eds.), Intelligent computing and optimization: Proceedings of the 6th
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2018). Framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity (Version 1.1). U.S. Department of Commerce.
International Conference on Intelligent OECD. (2022). OECD digital security policy Computing and Optimization 2023 (ICO2023) (Vol. 3, pp. 266–273). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50327-6_28
ISACA. (2020). COBIT 2019: Governance and management objectives. ISACA.
Ishikawa, K. (1986). Guide to quality control (2nd rev. ed.). Asian Productivity Organization.
Kalderemidis, I., Farao, A., Bountakas, P., Panda, S., & Xenakis, C. (2022). GTM: Game theoretic methodology for optimal cybersecurity defending strategies and investments. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES ’22) , 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1145/3538969.35444
Kementerian Komunikasi dan Digital. (2024). Laporan insiden Pusat Data Nasional Sementara (PDNS) 2 tahun 2024. Komdigi.
Khaw, T., Amran, A., & Teoh, A. (2024). Building a thematic framework of cybersecurity: A systematic literature review approach. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 26(2), 234–256. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSIT-07-2023-0132
Layode, O., Naiho, H. N. N., Adeleke, G.S.,
Udeh, E.O., & Labake, T.T. (2024). The role of cybersecurity in facilitating sustainable healthcare solutions: Overcoming challenges to protect sensitive data. International Medical Science Research Journal, 4(6), 668–693. https://doi.org/10.51594/imsrj.v4i6.1228
Maharani, M. A., & Atman, W. (2025). Evaluasi strategi nasional keamanan siber Indonesia dalam menanggapi ancaman digital Indonesia. Jurnal Integrasi Ilmu Sosial Dan
framework: Towards a digital security strategy for prosperity. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/a69df866-en
Qudus, L. (2025). Cybersecurity governance: Strengthening policy frameworks to address global cybercrime and data privacy challenges. Journal of Public Digital Governance, 14(1), 1146–1163. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2025.14.1.02 25
Racionero-Garcia, J., & Shaikh, S. A. (2024). Space and cybersecurity: Challenges and opportunities emerging from national strategy narratives. Space Policy, 70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spacepol.2024.101 648
Ramli, A. M., Suseno, S., Mayana, R. F., Rajamanickam, R., & Rohmana, R. D. (2026). The urgency of regulating artificial intelligence in relation to cybersecurity and cyber resilience. Cogent Social Sciences, 12(1), 2632977. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2026.263 2977
Rusydi, M. T. (2025). Evaluating global cybersecurity laws: Effectiveness of legal frameworks and enforcement mechanisms in the digital age. Walisongo Law Review (Walrev), 6(1), 71–83. https://doi.org/10.21580/walrev.2024.6.1.2 0960
Shah, M. U., Iqbal, F., Rehman, U., & Hung, P.
C. K. (2023). A comparative assessment of human factors in cybersecurity: Implications for cyber governance. IEEE Access, 11, 87970–87984. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.329 6580
Politik, 2(3), 344-354. Stallings, W. (2018). Effective cybersecurity: A https://doi.org/10.62383/sosial.v2i3.2291 guide to using best practices and standards. Pearson.
Syawaluddin, A. S., Putra, A. F. H., & Putra, M.
A. (2025). Cyber security dan ketahanan nasional: Tantangan dan solusi di era digital. Jurnal Media Akademik, 3(6). https://doi.org/10.62281/v3i6.2422
Taufik, T., Sarinah, S., Amir, M., Liwaul, L., Azizah, N., Suaib, E., Nurhayati, S., Kartika, B., Rintaka, M. I. N. I., Rahman, R., Elwan,
L. O. M., Kadir, A., Sudirman, F. A., Rasmin, R., & Rijal, M. (2025). Digital governance: Konsep, strategi dan
implementasinya di Indonesia. CV. Gita Lentera.
Von Solms, B., & Van Niekerk, J. (2013). From information security to cyber security. Computers & Security, 38, 97–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2013.04.004
Yamada, R. (2024). Impact of cybersecurity regulations on corporate compliance practices in Japan. International Journal of Law and Policy, 9(2), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.47604/ijlp.2705